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一个小方法,就能测出你是不是“易瘦体质”?

很多人在瘦身的道路上都有过类似疑惑:为什么有的人怎么吃都不胖,而我喝的一口凉水却都能转化成脂肪?难道世界上真的有“易胖体质”“易瘦体质”之说? 最近,各社交平台上大火的“吃苏打饼干判断易瘦体质”视频,就回答了这个问题。 找一块无糖也没有甜味添加剂的苏打饼干,放进嘴里只嚼不咽,同时计时:如果能在 15 秒以内嚼出甜味,就是易瘦体质;30 秒以上才嚼出甜味,就是妥妥的易胖体质。 图片来源:社交平台截图 可事实真的如此吗?一块饼干就能检测出易瘦还是易胖? 能嚼出甜味人 可能真的更不容易胖 所谓“易胖/易瘦体质”,在医学上并没有明确的概念。 用苏打饼干检测易胖/易瘦体质的办法,最早来源于医学博士莎朗·穆阿莱姆在 2016 年推出的一本名为《基因重启》的书。关于它的准确性,还没有得到充分的研究与衡量。 不过,从某些方面来看,有些人的确天生比其他人会多一些变胖的可能,而“嚼苏打饼干感受甜味”的判断方法也有一定的道理。 苏打饼干的配料很简单,主要有小麦粉和玉米淀粉以及一些食品加工用酵母。其中,小麦粉的主要成分,则是淀粉。 虽然淀粉类食物本身没有甜味,但它,却是甜味的重要来源——在咀嚼时,人的唾液腺会分泌出一种名为“唾液淀粉酶”的物质,将淀粉分解成各种糖分子。 图库版权图片,转载使用可能引发版权纠纷 吃白面馒头等淀粉类食物时,有人觉得很甜,有人觉得没什么味,是因为每个人唾液淀粉酶的编码基因 AMY1 拷贝数不同。 简而言之,AMY1 拷贝数越多,唾液淀粉酶分解能力就越厉害,吃淀粉类食物时就越会觉得甜。拷贝数少的,则很难嚼出甜味。 而 AMY1 拷贝数与肥胖风险,是存在一定关系的。 2014 年,三十多位学者合作推出了一项研究,结果发现,AMYI 拷贝数越少,肥胖风险和体重指数就会越高。具体的数据则更加惊人:AMY1 拷贝数大于 9 的人,和 AMY1 拷贝数小于 4 的人相比,肥胖风险相差八倍。 从这个角度看:越不容易嚼出甜味的人,变胖的可能性的确也更高一些。 隔年的一项研究,则进一步探索了 AMY1 拷贝数与肥胖之间的关系。学者在定期体检的人中找到了 1257 名年龄在...

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