Chinese herbal decoction is a refined art, and the correct decoction method is crucial for the efficacy of the medicine. Before starting the decoction, washing the herbs is usually unnecessary unless there is sediment, in which case a quick rinse is sufficient to avoid prolonged soaking and ingredient loss. It is recommended to soak the herbs in cold water for about 30 minutes to help release the medicinal properties more effectively.
When decocting, add water to about 2-3 cm above the herbs; for herbs with strong water absorption, supplement water to the standard level after soaking. Generally, bring to a boil over high heat, then simmer over low heat. For exterior-releasing herbs, maintaining high heat for 15 minutes after boiling is adequate. Decoction time varies by herb type, with surface-releasing herbs requiring 10-15 minutes and nourishing herbs needing 30-40 minutes.
Typically, it is best to decoct herbs twice, while nourishing formulas or those with large doses may require three times. Filter the decoction immediately after cooking to avoid difficulties in handling and loss of efficacy due to cooling. Traditional clay pots or sandpots are preferred for decoction vessels, avoiding aluminum, iron, or copper materials to prevent chemical reactions that may affect the efficacy.
Certain herbs require special treatment; mineral and toxic herbs may need to be decocted first to increase solubility or reduce toxicity, while aromatic and volatile components should be added later to preserve active ingredients. The decoction process includes soaking, boiling over high heat transition to simmering over low heat, and adding water for the second decoction.
Regarding decoction time, emergency medicines require shorter decoction times, while chronic and tonic medicines need longer durations. Decocting herbs twice per dose is recommended to ensure balanced efficacy. It is worth noting that longer decoction doesn’t always translate into better results; excessive decoction can lead to the degradation of active components. Discard decoctions that have become burnt, as their efficacy may have been compromised.
In conclusion, mastering the correct decoction method and paying attention to detail can maximize the therapeutic effects of Chinese herbal medicine.
