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Prostate cancer is a common malignant tumor in men, and its incidence is rising year by year. Unhealthy diet, lack of exercise, and other habits increase the risk. Regular check-ups and early screening are important. Treatment includes surgery, radiation therapy, etc. Healthy diet, exercise, and quitting smoking and drinking can reduce the risk. The abstract is generated by the author through intelligent technology.
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Prostate cancer, a common malignant tumor in the male reproductive system, is gradually becoming a major threat to men’s health. It is not only prevalent in elderly men but also becoming younger. Moreover, its early symptoms are often not obvious and are frequently overlooked.
What is Prostate Cancer?
The prostate is a small gland in the male reproductive system, located below the bladder and surrounding the urethra. Its main function is to produce prostatic fluid, which is part of semen and helps in the survival and movement of sperm.
Prostate cancer is a common malignant tumor in the male genitourinary system, with a significantly increasing incidence in men over 50 years old. Globally, prostate cancer ranks second in male malignant tumors, while in China, it ranks sixth and has been showing an increasing trend in recent years.
Which Neglected Habits Can Trigger Prostate Cancer?
1. Unhealthy diet: High-fat diet, especially intake of red meat and high-fat dairy products, may be associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer.
2. Lack of exercise: A sedentary lifestyle may lead to obesity and an increased risk of prostate cancer.
3. Unhealthy lifestyle: Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption may increase the risk of prostate cancer.
4. Neglecting urinary symptoms: Some men may ignore symptoms such as difficulty urinating, frequent urination, urgency, which could be early signs of prostate diseases.
5. Lack of regular check-ups: Regular check-ups, especially prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, can help detect prostate cancer early. Neglecting check-ups may lead to the disease being discovered at a late stage.
6. Long-term stress: Prolonged mental stress and anxiety may have a negative impact on the immune system, indirectly increasing the risk of cancer.
7. Neglecting sexual hygiene: Unsafe sexual practices and neglect of reproductive system health may increase the risk of infection, affecting prostate health.
By improving lifestyle, maintaining a healthy diet, and regular check-ups, the risk of prostate cancer can be reduced. If you have related symptoms, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly.
These Symptoms May Indicate Prostate Cancer
1. Difficulty in urination: Including weak urine stream, painful or obstructed urination, urgency, frequent urination (especially at night), and feeling of incomplete emptying after urination.
2. Hematuria: Presence of blood in the urine, known as hematuria.
3. Hematospermia: Presence of blood in the semen.
4. Bone pain: When cancer cells spread to the bones, it may cause bone pain, especially in the lower back, hips, or thighs.
5. Erectile dysfunction: Difficulty in achieving or maintaining an erection.
6. Lower abdominal or pelvic pain: Especially aggravated when sitting or moving.
7. Unexplained weight loss: Including loss of appetite and persistent fatigue.
8. Urinary incontinence: Difficulty controlling urine, experiencing urinary incontinence.
These symptoms do not necessarily mean prostate cancer, but if you experience these symptoms, it is advisable to seek prompt medical examination and evaluation for timely diagnosis and treatment. Regular check-ups and early screening are crucial for early detection of prostate cancer.
Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer
Understanding the risk factors for prostate cancer can help take preventive measures early. The main risk factors include:
1. Age: The older the age, the higher the risk of developing prostate cancer, especially in men over 50 years old.
2. Family history: If direct relatives (such as father or brother) have had prostate cancer, the risk significantly increases.
3. Race: African-American men have a higher risk of prostate cancer and often have more severe conditions.
4. Diet: Excessive intake of high-fat diet, red meat, and dairy products may increase the risk of developing the disease.
Screening and Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer
Screening methods
1. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test: Measuring PSA levels through blood tests, elevated PSA levels may indicate prostate issues.
2. Digital rectal examination (DRE): The doctor examines the prostate by digital palpation through the rectum to check for abnormalities.
Diagnosis methods
If screening results are abnormal, the doctor may suggest further diagnostic tests, such as:
1. Prostate biopsy: Taking a small piece of prostate tissue for microscopic examination to confirm the presence of cancer cells.
2. Imaging tests: Such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans, help assess the spread of cancer.
Treatment Options for Prostate Cancer
Treatment for prostate cancer depends on the cancer stage, patient’s age, health condition, and personal preferences. The main treatment methods include:
1. Active surveillance: For early, slowly progressing prostate cancer, the doctor may recommend close monitoring rather than immediate treatment.
2. Surgery: Prostatectomy is a common surgical treatment method, including traditional open surgery and robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery.
3. Radiation therapy: Using high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells, divided into external beam radiation therapy and internal radiation therapy (such as brachytherapy).
4. Hormone therapy: By lowering testosterone levels in the body, cancer cell growth is inhibited.
5. Chemotherapy: Using drugs to kill rapidly dividing cancer cells, usually used in advanced stages or cases where hormone therapy is ineffective.
How to Prevent Prostate Cancer?
While there is no absolute method to prevent prostate cancer, certain lifestyle changes and healthy habits can reduce the risk of developing the disease. Here are some suggestions:
1. Healthy diet:
Consume more fruits and vegetables: Foods rich in vitamins and antioxidants may help reduce the risk of cancer.
Limit high-fat foods: Especially animal fats, which may be associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer.
Choose healthy sources of protein: Such as fish, poultry, legumes, and nuts, limit the intake of red meat and processed meats.
2. Maintain a healthy weight: Overweight and obesity can increase the risk of prostate cancer. Maintain a healthy weight through balanced diet and regular exercise.
3. Regular exercise: Moderate exercise, such as walking, running, cycling, or swimming, helps maintain a healthy weight and improve overall health.
4. Quit smoking and limit alcohol intake: Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are associated with an increased risk of various cancers, including prostate cancer. Quitting smoking and moderating alcohol consumption (if you drink) can help reduce the risk.
5. Regular check-ups and screening: Regular PSA testing and DRE can help detect prostate cancer early. Discuss a screening plan with your doctor.
6. Know your family medical history: Prostate cancer has a hereditary tendency. If there is a history of prostate cancer in the family, inform your doctor and may need earlier and more frequent screening.
7. Maintain a positive mindset and mental health: Reduce stress, maintain a positive attitude, which is beneficial for overall health, including reducing the risk of cancer.
8. Use protective measures: Some studies suggest that regular sexual activity may be related to reducing the risk of prostate cancer, but the evidence in this area is not yet conclusive.
By taking these measures, you can reduce the risk of prostate cancer to some extent, but not completely prevent it. Regular communication with your doctor for personalized health management is essential.
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