When it comes to “varicose veins”, everyone will think of varicose veins in the lower limbs. Think of the twisted veins resembling “earthworms” on someone’s calf under the skin. There is another common type of varicose veins, which is varicocele. This disease is relatively unfamiliar to everyone. Many patients discover it through physical examinations or when they experience local discomfort, while some patients find out due to infertility. Here, I will explain to you in detail about varicocele and how to treat varicocele.
Primary varicocele is related to the following factors:
1. Vein valves play a role in preventing venous blood reflux. When the valves in the spermatic vein are absent or dysfunctional, it can lead to blood reflux.
2. The weak spermatic vein wall and surrounding connective tissue or underdeveloped cremasteric muscle.
3. The upright posture of humans affects the venous return of the spermatic vein.
Secondary varicocele can be seen in left renal vein or vena cava thrombosis, renal vein reflux, retroperitoneal reflux, pelvic reflux, massive kidney hydronephrosis or renal cysts, aberrant vessel branches, and so on.
Physical examination grading:
Grade I: No abnormality on palpation, but when the patient holds their breath and increases abdominal pressure, the twisted veins can be felt.
Grade II: Twisted veins can be felt upon palpation.
Grade III: Visual observation shows twisted vein masses, and palpation reveals significantly enlarged twisted vein masses.
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