Dementia is a common disease among elderly people, and its symptoms, prevention, and treatment methods are worth paying attention to. In the early stages, memory impairment manifests as recent memory decline, with patients possibly repeatedly asking the same questions, often mistaken for normal aging. Language abilities decline, making it difficult for patients to accurately express thoughts, often deviating from the main topic during communication. Vision changes, including decreased vision and spatial orientation disorders, may lead elderly individuals to get lost in familiar places. Cognitive function declines, such as no longer recognizing family or common items, with behavior patterns tending towards childishness. Personality changes may also occur, such as becoming irritable or suspicious, lacking a sense of security.
Prevention of this disease is key to keeping the brain active, engaging in chess games, learning new things with suitable difficulty levels, and avoiding mental inactivity. In terms of diet, it is recommended to consume high-protein foods such as milk, soy products, eat more fruits and vegetables, reduce high-calorie intake, and ensure food freshness. Moderate exercise, such as Tai Chi, square dancing, avoiding strenuous activities, daily walks, and housework are also beneficial. Maintaining a positive attitude, accepting natural memory decline, and avoiding excessive anxiety. Family companionship is particularly important, providing emotional support to the elderly to reduce feelings of loneliness.
Treating dementia in the elderly, drug therapy can temporarily relieve symptoms, but one must be cautious of the long-term side effects of medication. Exercise therapy, such as walking in environments rich in greenery, helps improve attention and short-term memory. Occupational therapy, through daily skill training such as memory and cognitive training, helps improve daily functioning. Dietary adjustments, limiting saturated fat intake, increasing foods rich in protein, antioxidants, such as milk, walnuts, soy products, and fresh fruits and vegetables, are beneficial for prevention and supportive treatment.
