Chongqing Yubei District Special Children’s Rehabilitation Institution: Cognitive Ability Comparison Table for Children Aged 0-4. Assessing the cognitive abilities of children aged 0-4 is a comprehensive process that requires attention to the specific abilities and behaviors exhibited by children at different ages:
0-1 year
Cognitive ability characteristics:
Perceptual Development: Newborns mainly explore the world through their senses, with visual, auditory, and tactile senses gradually maturing.
Attention: Gradually able to focus attention on surrounding objects, especially colorful and loud objects.
Memory: Begin to form short-term memories, able to remember familiar faces and voices.
Assessment methods:
Observe the child’s reactions to the surroundings, such as responses to sound, light, touch, etc.
Try to attract the child’s attention with toys or sounds, and observe the time they concentrate.
1-2 years
Cognitive development:
Object Permanence: Begin to understand that objects still exist even when not visible.
Simple Instruction Comprehension: Able to understand and execute simple instructions, such as “sit down,” “give me.”
Imitation Ability: Can imitate simple actions and sounds.
Shape and Color Recognition: Begin to recognize basic shapes and colors.
Assessment methods:
Give simple instructions and observe if the child can execute them correctly.
Provide toys of different shapes and colors, observe if the child shows interest and tries to distinguish.
2-3 years
Cognitive development:
Matching and Sorting: Able to match similar objects and start to have simple categorization concepts.
Numbers and Quantities: Able to understand the concept of “one” and “two,” and begin to try counting.
Memory and Recall: Memory strengthens, can recall and identify items or people seen previously.
Pretend Play: Start to enjoy pretend play, such as pretending to be a doctor, teacher, etc.
Assessment methods:
Provide matching games or sorting tasks, observe if the child can complete them correctly.
Guide the child to count in daily life, observe the development of their counting ability.
Evaluate memory ability through recall games, asking the child about items or people seen before.
3-4 years
Cognitive development:
Sequencing and Ordering: Able to arrange objects in order of size, length, etc.
Spatial Awareness: Begin to understand spatial relationships, such as up-down, front-back, left-right.
Problem-Solving Ability: Can solve problems through observation and trial and error.
Language Skills: Enhanced language expression ability, can express thoughts and needs in simple sentences.
Assessment methods:
Provide sequencing tasks, such as arranging building blocks by size, and observe if the child can complete them correctly.
Guide the child in understanding spatial relationships during play, like “put the toy on top of the table.”
Observe the child’s reactions and problem-solving approaches when faced with problems.
Assess language expression and comprehension abilities through conversations with the child.
The above provides general cognitive development characteristics and assessment methods. The developmental speed and manner may vary for each child, so specific analysis based on the child’s individual situation is needed during the actual assessment process. If a child’s cognitive abilities are found to be lagging, parents should not hesitate and promptly seek effective assessment and intervention solutions from professional institutions. With professional rehabilitation training, cognitive development issues can be significantly improved, reducing the impact on the child to a minimum.
Chongqing Amy Bear Children’s Rehabilitation Center is a children’s health development center that mainly focuses on special children’s rehabilitation learning training services. It mainly targets early screening, intervention reinforcement, and training support for children aged 2-18 with autism, delayed language development, articulation disorders, intellectual disabilities, ADHD, sensory integration disorders, attention deficit disorders, Tourette syndrome, etc., comprehensively assisting in the development of children’s overall abilities.
Note: Some content and images are from the internet. If there are copyright concerns, please contact us for removal.
