The knee joint, as an important weight-bearing and active area of the human body, is susceptible to tumor influence during development, including benign and malignant types. Common benign bone tumors in children’s knees include osteochondromas and aneurysmal bone cysts. Osteochondromas can be identified by X-ray examination, characterized by a longitudinal lucent area within the knee joint, which may cause compression and pain during growth, especially worsening at night. Surgical excision is a common treatment method with a good prognosis. Aneurysmal bone cysts develop slowly, with patients initially experiencing mild discomfort, which may lead to limb shortening in the long term. CT scans aid in diagnosis, followed by treatment typically involving curettage and bone grafting.
Concerning malignant tumors, osteosarcoma is more common in adolescents, with a complex etiology possibly involving genetic factors. Symptoms mainly include persistent pain, fever, and weight loss, necessitating prompt treatment often including amputation, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and other comprehensive measures. Chondrosarcoma is another malignant tumor originating from mesenchymal tissue, causing severe knee pain, skin abnormalities, and limited joint function. Treatment options may encompass surgical excision, drug therapy, aiming to alleviate symptoms and control the disease.
Additionally, chondroblastoma is another condition not to be underestimated, capable of causing similar symptoms. In the presence of any abnormality in the knee region, prompt medical attention should be sought for accurate diagnosis of the cause through blood tests, pathological examinations, and other means, to facilitate targeted treatment.
