Determining streptococcal infection typically involves clinical manifestations and a series of auxiliary examinations. Patients may experience symptoms such as fever and sore throat. The fever arises from the endotoxins produced by the bacteria affecting the temperature-regulating center, usually accompanied by moderate to mild increases in body temperature, occasionally with chills. The sore throat is caused by local inflammatory responses due to bacterial invasion of the throat, which are particularly intense when swallowing or coughing.
To make a diagnosis, doctors will recommend several auxiliary examinations. A complete blood count can show changes in the number of white blood cells and neutrophils, although early streptococcal infections may only cause a slight increase in lymphocytes; a comprehensive analysis remains important. C-reactive protein (CRP) testing can measure the intensity of the body’s inflammatory response, with CRP levels typically rising during streptococcal infections. Procalcitonin testing is an effective tool for distinguishing between bacterial and viral infections; significantly elevated levels indicate a high likelihood of bacterial infection, including streptococcal infection. Additionally, microbiological tests such as direct smears, antigen testing, nucleic acid testing, or antibody testing (e.g., streptolysin O antibody testing) can more accurately confirm streptococcal infection.
In cases of suspected streptococcal infection, parents should promptly take their children to seek medical care, complete necessary examinations, and follow medical advice for treatment. At the same time, implementing appropriate isolation measures to prevent transmission to others is a responsible action for the health of both oneself and others.
