Stress urinary incontinence is a phenomenon of involuntary urine leakage caused by sudden increase in abdominal pressure when coughing, sneezing, laughing, or exercising. It is more common in women, especially those who have experienced childbirth or hormonal changes that may alter pelvic floor structure. However, this should not be a taboo topic as there are various effective treatment methods available.
This condition stems from pelvic floor muscle relaxation, commonly found in women after multiple childbirths or menopause. Other risk factors include long-term constipation, obesity, and lack of exercise, all of which can exacerbate muscle weakness. Proper diagnosis requires medical consultation, including a review of medical history, physical examination, and necessary laboratory testing.
In terms of treatment, behavioral adjustments can be attempted first, such as weight loss, quitting smoking and drinking, and pelvic floor muscle training to enhance sphincter control. Drug therapies, such as duloxetine and estrogen supplementation, can assist in symptom relief under medical guidance. Biofeedback technology using electronic devices helps patients identify and strengthen pelvic floor muscle function, significantly improving symptoms. In severe cases, surgeries like urethral suspension can be a solution to enhance muscle control and correct urinary incontinence issues. Treatment plans should be tailored based on individual conditions and the severity of the condition, and the best approach should be decided after thorough discussion with a physician.
Regarding prevention, maintaining a healthy lifestyle is crucial: controlling weight, engaging in regular aerobic exercise, and having a balanced diet to prevent constipation. Consistent pelvic floor muscle exercises, like Kegel exercises, are notably preventive. Additionally, quitting smoking, limiting alcohol consumption, and reducing adverse stimulation to the urinary system are equally important.
In conclusion, stress urinary incontinence can be improved through comprehensive management. The key lies in facing the issue courageously, seeking medical help promptly, taking appropriate measures, and thereby regaining quality of life and confidence.
