Entering menopause marks the transition from the reproductive period to the non-reproductive period, a change that typically occurs in middle age and is accompanied by various physical and emotional changes. Menopause generally starts between the ages of 45 and 55, with an average onset age of 51, and its duration varies, typically completed within 2 to 3 years, although in some cases it can last 5 to 10 years or longer.
Irregular menstruation is an early sign, where the cycles may shorten, lengthen, or have irregular bleeding, eventually leading to complete cessation of menstruation. Additionally, hot flashes and flushes are common, caused by a decrease in estrogen levels and manifesting as sudden heat and sweating in the face and body, possibly starting at the head and moving downwards. Sleep problems such as insomnia and vivid dreams are also common issues.
Menopause can also affect the cardiovascular system, resulting in palpitations and irregular heart rhythms. Emotional fluctuations, anxiety, and depressive feelings are also quite common, closely linked to hormonal fluctuations. Apart from these main symptoms, women may also experience urinary frequency, discomfort in the genital area, and face increased health risks such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and osteoporosis.
When facing menopause, the key is to maintain a healthy lifestyle: regular exercise, balanced diet, and sufficient sleep. Seeking professional medical advice and taking appropriate treatment measures when necessary are important. Psychological adjustments should not be overlooked; maintaining a positive attitude and learning to adapt to physical and emotional changes are essential. Regular check-ups, including gynecological and breast examinations, are crucial for monitoring health. Hormone replacement therapy under medical guidance can be an option to alleviate symptoms, and moderate sexual activity contributes to overall well-being.
Family support and understanding are invaluable assets during this period. By enhancing communication and providing emotional support, family members can effectively assist women in navigating menopause smoothly. Each woman’s experience with menopause is different, and some may not experience significant discomfort. However, in general, care and attention are key in helping women go through menopause comfortably, allowing them to continue enjoying a fulfilling life.
